Texture
Texture refers to the way an object feels to the touch or looks as it may feel if it were touched. Texture is one of the seven elements of art. Understanding it fully will lead to stronger drawings and paintings. .
Vocabulary:
Texture - element of art that refers to the way an object feels to the touch or looks as it may feel.
3-D Texture - refers to the way an object feels to the touch 2-D Texture- refers to the way an object looks as it may feel
Visual texture - the illusion of a 3-D surface Simulated- imitate real textures
Invented - 2-D patterns created by the repetition of lines of shapes
Rough textures - reflect light unevenly
Smooth textures - reflect light evenly
Matte - surface that reflects a soft, dull light. Shiny surfaces are the opposite of matte.
Impasto - a painting technique in which the paint is built up on the surface to create a texture
Frottage - a surrealist and ‘automatic’ method of creative production that involves creating a rubbing of a textured surface using a pencil or other drawing material developed by Max Ernst
Lesson 1: Texture
Materials You Need:
Pencil
Copy of Practice Worksheets
Steps:
Watch the videos to learn about the element of Texture.
Print off a copy of the practice worksheets
Complete the worksheets following the directions on each page.
Once completed, upload images of sheets with your name on them to the digital portfolio in Google Classroom.
Lesson 2: Frottage
Frottage is a technique that involves rubbing pencil, graphite, chalk, crayon, or another medium onto a sheet of paper that has been placed on top of a textured object or surface. The process causes the raised portions of the surface below to be translated to the sheet. The term is derived from the French frotter, which means “to rub.”
Materials You Need:
Typing paper
And one of the following:
dark color pencil,
crayon,
graphite stick or
pencil
Steps:
Watch the videos below about Max Ernst and the videos showing you how to make art using textured rubbings.
Walk around your school, home, and/or community to locate surfaces that are raised or embossed. Some places you might want to look: on shoes, tools, kitchen appliances, book covers, etc.
Practice doing some rubbings on pieces of scrap paper.
Create your own piece of artwork made from textured rubbings that you have taken. Either create a landscape or a surreal creature like the images by Max Ernst below. Remember to fill all available space!
Max Ernst: Forest and Sun, 1931, graphite frottage on paper
Max Ernst, Stealer of Marks.
Student Examples:
Lesson 3--Invented Texture
Materials you will need:
9×12 white paper
Pencil and eraser
Black markers, fine and broad point
Example of Finished Project
Examples of Invented Texture
Directions:
1. Use large stick letters to write your name, beginning with the first letter touching both the bottom and left side of your paper.
2. Draw your next stick letter so that it touches both the first letter and the top edge of your paper.
3. Draw the next letter in the same way, this time touching the 2nd letter and the bottom edge of your paper.
4. Repeat this process, alternating with touching the top and bottom edges, finishing with your last letter also touching the right side of your paper.
5. Now draw an outline around each stick letter and fill it in with a black marker, so the letters are nice and thick.
6. Finally, use your fine point marker to fill in the negative spaces inside and around your letters with invented texture.
Lesson 4--Metal Tooling/Repousse
Metal Tooling/Repousse History
Repoussé, method of decorating metals in which parts of the design are raised in relief from the back or the inside of the article by means of hammers and punches; definition and detail can then be added from the front by chasing or engraving. The name repoussé is derived from the French pousser, “to push forward.” This ancient technique, which has been used extensively throughout the history of metalworking, achieved widespread popularity in Europe during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. (http://www.britannica.com/art/repousse) Another name used for this technique is called tooling.
Repousse is an ancient form of art that can be found in Early Greek and Roman art through today. It was used to decorate metal items, in jewelry, and for weapons and armor. The first great advance in metalworking occurred when techniques for making bronze sculpture were developed during the Bronze Age. Brass, an alloy of copper with zinc, came into use later (see brasses, monumental; brasses, ornamental). The Iron Age provided a cheaper medium used chiefly for tools and ornamental ironwork until modern times, when improved methods, alloys, and machinery made iron available and essential to the industrial and structural trades. Pewter, tin, and lead have been used in industrial and art metalwork.
Methods of shaping metals include drawing, spinning, hammering, and casting; various decorative processes include chasing, damascening, embossing, enamel work, filigree, gilding, inlaying, niello, and repousse. (http://www.1upinfo.com/encyclopedia/M/metalwor.html)
Supplies:
Metal Embossing Tools
Aluminum Metal Foil Sheet
Foam craft sheets
black mat board or poster board
markers or colored pencils
glue
Objectives:
Students will learn how to use the proper tools and techniques for metal tooling-Repousse.
Students understand how the principles of Emphasis (Focal Point), Variety, Rhythm (Pattern), Unity & Movement apply to make the whole piece of art unified.
Students will create a low relief image in metal (silver foil) using the process of repoussé.
Students will be able to determine the difference between organic and geometric shapes and use a variety of both.
Students will create a design that will be rendered on both a 2D surface and a 3D surface
Instructions for Repousse:
Step 1: On Square Template for Repousse, create 2 different sketches for your design.
Divide the 6"x"6 square into at least 6 different areas in a creative, interesting way.
Inside each area, draw different invented textures. Each area must have a different texture. You can not repeat.
Step 2: After the demo, practice using tooling foil on the scrap piece provided by Mrs. Young.
Step 3: Upon approval of the design, get your 6"x6" square tooling foil piece from Mrs. Young and transfer your design onto the metal.
Step 4: Use embossing tools and repousse/chasing techniques to create your design. Have some convex & concave lines & shapes.
You need to do the embossing on top of a 'soft' surface: a stack of newspapers, magazines, etc. We used foam craft sheets.
Visual Arts.mp4Instructions for Drawing:
Step 5: Decide where you want to place the metal on the paper (not in the middle!) & with a pencil trace the outline of it. Use double-stick tape to hold it in place. This is your focal point.
Step 6: Extend your major design elements onto the matte board. You can either keep them in their original state or begin to abstract them.
Step 7: Use either colored pencils or construction paper crayons to color it. You can either have flat color or add a 3D look with shading (use colored pencil to do this)! You may want to test the colors on scrap black paper before you begin coloring on your actual project.
Step 8: Wait till the drawing portion is finished, then NEATLY glue it onto your matte board if you haven't already.
Thank you to the following sites for images and information: